Konstrukcija vertikalne 3-osne glodalice

master's thesis

• Title (english): Design of 3-axis vertical milling machine
• Author: Bruno Matejčić
• Mentor: Tomislav Staroveški (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-18, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Production Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je konstrukcija vertikalne 3-osne glodalice. Osmišljena je stupna glodalica na kojoj gibanja po X i Y osi izvodi obradak, dok gibanje po Z osi izvodi alat.. Objašnjeni su osnovni pojmovi o alatnim strojevima, te su dane karakteristike i zadaće suvremenih alatnih strojeva. Opisana su gibanja glodalice i ukratko je opisana sama operacija glodanja i vrste alata-glodala. Zatim su definirani zahtjevi i glavne karakteristike koje projektirana glodalica mora posjedovati.
Proces konstrukcije započinje s proračunom prigona glavnog gibanja. U tom poglavlju određene su očekivane sile rezanja, a za izračun sila glodanja odabrana operacija poravnavanja čeonim glodanjem sa glodalom velikog promjera. Tim postupkom se osigurava sposobnost odabranog motorvretena da obavlja ostale operacije koje zahtjevaju glodalo manjeg promjera. U sljedećem poglavlju napravljen je proračun i odabir linearnih vodilica. Vodilice su također jedan od osnovnih sklopova alatnog stroja i njihov pravilan odabir je nužan za pravilno funkcioniranje stroja. Proračun je u potpunosti proveden s preporukama proizvođača. Konstrukcija glodalice nastavljena je proračunom i odabirom kugličnog navojnog vretena s odgovarajućom maticom. Odabrana su kuglična vretena s korakom od 5 mm i relativno visokom klasom točnosti za traženu cijenu. Za pogon svih numerički upravljanih osi odabrani su AC servomotori. Dobavljivost i cijena takvih motora i njihovih regulatora igra ključnu ulogu pri njihovom odabiru, pa su za pogon odabrani relativno predimenzionirani motori, budući da ne predstavljaju veliko povećanje cijene u odnosu na slabije, tj. motore idealnijih snaga. Idejno konstrukcijsko rješenje izrađeno je u programskom paketu „Solidworks“, te je na kraju dana sva tehnička dokumentacija.

Abstract (english)

This paper describes the design of a vertical 3-axis milling machine. In the suggested design the milling machine handles movements along the X- and Y-axis with the movement of a workpiece and utilizes tool to handle the movement along the Z-axis. The paper delivers an explanation of basic machine tool concepts, characteristics, and tasks of modern machine tools. It describes the movements of the milling machine, concepts used in further work, milling operation itself and the types of milling tools. This is followed by defining the requirements, i.e. the main characteristics that the designed milling machine must possess.
The construction process begins with the calculation of the main spindle drive and determining the expected cutting forces. Facing operation with a large diameter milling cutter was employed to determine the milling forces. This ensures that the selected spindle motor is able to perform operations that require a smaller diameter cutter. This was followed by performing calculations required for the selection of linear guideways. Since the correct selection of linear guides is necessary for the proper functioning of the machine, the calculations were performed following the manufacturer's recommendations. The construction of the milling machine was continued by performing calculations necessary for the selection of the ball screw and the ball nut. Ball screw with a 5 mm pitch and a relatively high accuracy class for the requested price were selected. AC servomotors have been selected to drive all numerically controlled axes. The availability and price of such motors and their regulators play a key role in their selection. As employing more powerful motors does not represent a significant increase in price compared to employing weaker, i.e. more ideal power engines, relatively too powerful engines were chosen for the drive. The conceptual design solution was constructed in the "Solidworks" software package and full technical documentation was provided.

• Keywords: 3-osna vertikalna glodalica; motorvreteno; linearne vodilice
• Keywords (english): 3-axis milling machine; spindle; linear guideways
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:110217
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; specializations in: Design, Process and Energy Engineering, Production Engineering, Engineering Modelling and Computer Simulation, Marine Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Management, Materials Engineering, Mechatronics and Robotics, Autonomous Systems; Course: Production Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-07 09:28:02