Planiranje energetskog sustava otoka Lošinja primjenom RenewIslands metodologije

master's thesis

• Author: Boris Hemetek
• Mentor: Neven Duić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2007-05-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Ovim diplomskim radom provedeno je energetsko planiranje otoka Lošinja primjenom RenewIslands metodologije i koristeći matematički model H2RES. Kad je u pitanju energetsko planiranje, matematički modeli poput H2RES-a postaju sve važniji. H2RES program je razvijen kao potpora za simulaciju različitih scenarija predloženih RENEWISLAND metodologijom, a s ciljem integracije obnovljivih izvora energije i vodika u energetske sustave otoka. Model može koristiti obnovljive izvore energije kao što su energija vjetra, solarna insolacija, biomasa, hidropotencijal, ali i fosilna goriva te elektrodistribucijsku vezu s kopnom kao rezervnu varijantu. Opterećenje u modelu može se predstaviti kao satno (promjenljivo) opterećenje elektroenergetskog sustava, sa satnim toplinskim opterećenjem, vodikovim opterećenjem za transport i potrošnjom vode ovisno o njenom konzumu. H2RES model ima sposobnost integriranja različitih spremnika energije u otočni elektroenergetski sustav kako bi se omogućila bolja penetracija električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora u energetski sustav otoka te da bi se napravili energetski sustavi koji su 100% obnovljivi, odnosno koriste samo obnovljive izvore energije. Energetski spremnici mogu varirati od sustava s vodikom (goriva ćelija, elektrolizer i vodikov spremnik) do reverzibilne hidroelektrane ili baterija za manje energetske sisteme. H2RES model je testiran na različitim energetskim sustavima brojnih otoka i osim energetskog planiranja na otocima, model se može uspješno primijeniti za simulaciju i drugih energetskih sistema kao što su naselja u planinskim krajevima ili simulacija različitih pojedinačnih energetskih subjekata. U ovom radu prezentirana su 4 scenarija razvoja energetskog sistema na otoku Lošinju. Prvi scenarij predstavlja „business as usual“ situaciju, odnosno nema nikakvih zahvata na elektroenergetskom sustavu. Napajanje se vrši preko mreže koja je povezana s kopnom. U drugom scenariju predviđeno je zadovoljavanje potreba za potrošnom toplom vodom pomoću solarnih kolektora. U svrhu modeliranja energetskog sustava otoka Lošinja H2RES model nadograđen je s modulom za potrošnu toplu vodu koji se sastoji od solarnih kolektora i toplinskog spremnika. Efikasnost spremnika definirana je kao efikasnost s kojom ulazi topla voda u spremnik (iznosi 90%) i gubici zbog prijenosa topline između spremnika i okoline. U trećem scenariju postavljeno je 30% satno ograničenje na penetraciju električne energije koja može doći iz intermitentnih izvora. Da bi otok postao 100% obnovljivim osim vjetroturbina i PV sistema korištene su i gorive ćelije, elektrolizer i vodikov spremnik za spremanje viška generirane električne energije. Kao bazna godina uzeta je 2005., a period za koje se vršilo modeliranje je 2010. – 2025. godina.

Abstract (english)

With this diploma work electric power system of the Island of Lošinj was modeled using RenewIslands methodology and H2RES program. When it comes to the energy planning, computer programs like H2RES are becoming valuable tools. H2RES has been designed as support for simulation of different scenarios devised by RENEWISLAND methodology with specific purpose to increase integration of renewable sources and hydrogen into island energy systems. The model can use wind, solar, hydro, biomass, geothermal as renewable energy sources and fossil fuel blocks and grid connection with mainland as back up. The load in the model can be represented by hourly and deferrable electricity loads of the power system, by hourly heat load, by hydrogen load for transport and by water load depending on water consumption. The H2RES model has ability to integrate different storages into island energy system in order to increase the penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources or to achieve a 100 per cent renewable island. Energy storages could vary from hydrogen loop (fuel cell, elektrolizer and hydrogen storage) to reversible hydro or batteries for smaller energy systems. The H2RES model was tested on the power system of many islands and besides energy planning of the islands, the model could be successfully applied for simulation of other energy systems like villages in mountain regions or for simulation of different individual energy producers or consumers. Selected scenarios of development of the energy system of the Island of Lošinj, Croatia are presented in the paper. There are 4 scenarios, first one is business as usual were there is no new infrastructure in Island of Lošinj power system. With the second scenario flat plate solar collectors were used to satisfy demand for hot water. For purpose of modeling Island of Lošinj H2RES was upgraded with hot water module that consists of solar thermal collectors and heat storage. Storage efficiency was modeled with assumption that water comes into storage with efficiency of 0.9 plus losses between storage and surroundings. In the third scenario there is 30% limitation on power load that can come from intermittent resources. In order to make Island of Lošinj 100% renewable besides wind turbines and photovoltaic systems we have fuel cells, elektrolizer and hydrogen storage. Year 2005 was taken as a base year and period between 2010 – 2025 was modeled.

• Keywords: RenewIslands metodologija; energetski sustav; matematički model H2RES
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:470717
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: diplomirani inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (diplomirani inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-05-21 13:01:49