Analiza izvedivosti postrojenja za termokemijsku konverziju industrijskog plastičnog otpada

master's thesis

• Title (english): Feasibility analysis of thermochemical conversion plant for industrial plastic waste
• Author: Domagoj Bernat
• Mentor: Daniel Rolph Schneider (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-01-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Process Energy Engineering

Abstract

Tema ovog rada je termokemijska oporaba, tj. proces pirolize plastičnog otpada čiji produkt je sintetsko ulje, koje se koristi za dobivanje energije ili za proizvodnju kemikalija. U radu je dan pregled tehnoloških i ekonomskih parametara postojećih postrojenja za pirolizu plastičnog otpada. Sastav prihvatljive otpadne plastike najčešće čine PP, HDPE i LDPE dok je PS i ostala plastika nešto manje prisutna. Brojna ograničenja su postavljena za PVC i PET zbog posljedica koje imaju na proces pirolize i na konačne produkte te ih je potrebno izdvojiti iz ulazne sirove za proces. Cilj ovog rada je analiza izvedivosti potencijalnog pirolitičkog postrojenja za termokemijsku konverziju industrijskog plastičnog otpada koje bi se izgradilo u sklopu predmetne tvrtke. Predmetna tvrtka bavi se reciklažom industrijske plastike iz koje proizvode visoko kvalitetne granulate koje prodaju na tržištu. Prihvatljivi dio ostatnog industrijskog plastičnog otpada koje nije moguće mehanički reciklirati obrađivao bi se procesom pirolize. Trenutno na godišnjoj razini ima oko 365 tona plastične sirovine koja bi se mogla pirolitički obraditi te je zbog mogućnosti povećanja količina prihvatljivog plastičnog otpada kapacitet postrojenja povećan na 1825 tona. U okviru ovog rada napravljen je pregled literature te su prikupljeni parametri o ulaznim i izlaznim tokovima te troškovima postojećih postrojenja za pirolizu plastičnog otpada. Svi prikupljeni parametri su osrednjeni te zajedno s nazivnim kapacitetom korišteni su u provedenoj tehnoekonomskoj analizi i analizi osjetljivosti koja je provedena za dva slučaja ulazne sirovine. Provedenim proračunom utvrđena je neisplativost projekata u oba slučaja. Provedenom dodatnom analizom pokazalo se da uvođenjem pristojbe za zbrinjavanje otpada, porastom cijene sirove nafte ili smanjenjem cijene investicije ova tehnologija može postati ekonomski isplativa. U ostatku rada provedena je i analiza kapaciteta postrojenja kako bi se uvidio njezin utjecaj na ekonomsku isplativost projekta.

Abstract (english)

The diploma thesis theme is thermochemical recovery, i.e., the process of pyrolysis of plastic waste which product is a synthetic oil used to obtain energy or produce a chemical. The thesis gives an overview of technological and economic parameters of existing plants for pyrolysis o plastic waste. The acceptable waste plastics for pyrolysis usually consists of PP, HDPE and LDPE, while PS and other plastics are somewhat less present. Many restrictions have been set for PVC and PET due to the final products' quality after the pyrolysis process. Thus, input raw materials require separation before the pyrolysis process. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the potential of pyrolysis plant for thermochemical conversion of industrial plastic waste that was built within the company request. The company is engaged in recycling industrial plastics from which high-quality granules are produced and sold on the market. An acceptable portion of residual industrial plastic waste that cannot be mechanically recycled would be treated by a pyrolysis process. There are currently about 365 tons of plastic raw materials per year that could be pyrolytically processed, due to the possibility of increasing the amount of acceptable plastic waste, plant capacity can be increased to 1825 tons per year. Within this paper, a review of the available literature was made, which considers collecting the parameters of input and output flows and existing plants' costs for plastic waste pyrolysis. All collected parameters were averaged together with the nominal capacities and used in the techno-economic and sensitivity analysis for two cases of input raw materials. The conducted budget determined the unprofitability of the projects in both cases. An additional analysis showed that by introducing a waste disposal fee, increasing the price of crude oil or reducing the investment cost, this technology could become economically viable. In the rest of the work, an analysis of the plant's capacity was conducted to see its impact on the project's economic viability.

• Keywords: plastični otpad; piroliza; postrojenje za pirolizu; tehno-ekonomska analiza
• Keywords (english): plastics waste; pyrolysis; pyrolysis plant; techno - economic analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:118929
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2023-01-14
• Created on: 2021-01-14 14:45:17