Utjecaj ispitne rute na emisije štetnih tvari osobnih vozila u stvarnim uvjetima vožnje

master's thesis

• Title (english): Influence of the test route on passenger cars real driving emissions
• Author: Dunja Konosić
• Mentor: Petar Ilinčić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-05-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; General Mechanical Engineering (Construction)

Abstract

Smanjenje emisija štetnih tvari proizvedenih u prometu fokus je Europske Unije zadnjih desetak godina kako bi se smanjilo onečišćenje zraka, efekt staklenika, odnosno svi aspekti koji štetno utječu na ljudsko zdravlje i kvalitetu života. Razvoj tehnologije i prijenosnih sustava za mjerenje emisija štetnih tvari osigurao je točniji uvid u stvarne emisije prilikom vožnje, što posljedično omogućuje unaprjeđenje postojećih graničnih vrijednosti emisija, odnosno adekvatno smanjenje istih razvojem tehnologije.
Kako bi podaci o emisijama štetnih tvari bili primjenjivi u daljnjim istraživanjima potrebno je što bolje definirati postupak ispitivanja u stvarnim uvjetima vožnje (eng. Real Driving Emissions, skraćeno RDE). To se postiže kontinuiranim razvojem prijenosnih sustava za mjerenje emisija (eng. Portable Emission Measuring Systems, skraćeno PEMS) kao i kontinuiranim razvojem mjernih metoda. U laboratorijskim ispitivanjima emisija štetnih tvari vozila rezultati ispitivanja ne mogu u potpunosti reproducirati stvarne uvjete, ali zbog izvođenja u standardiziranim uvjetima osigurana je ponovljivost mjerenja i usporedba samih rezultata. U slučaju ispitivanja u stvarnim uvjetima vožnje, zbog velikog broja nepredvidivih vanjskih utjecaja na ispitivanje teško se postiže ponovljivost mjerenja. U radu se nastojalo odrediti koji i u kolikoj mjeri vanjski faktori utječu na rezultate emisija štetnih tvari i može li se njihov utjecaj smanjiti.
Kroz analizu istraživanja Europske komisije, istraživanja neovisnih tijela i vlastitih istraživanja provedenih dostupnom opremom Laboratorija za motore i vozila zaključeno je kako je uz današnje uvjete i granične vrijednosti ispitne rute ispitivanja u stvarnim uvjetima vožnje gotovo nemoguće postići ponovljivost ispitnih rezultata zbog relativno velikog utjecaja vanjskih faktora, poput udaljenosti ispitne rute, tipa vožnje i ponašanja vozača.

Abstract (english)

The reduction of vehicle emissions produced by transportation has been the focus of the European Union for the past decade in order to reduce air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and all aspects that adversely affect human health and quality of life. The development of technology and portable emission measuring systems has provided a more accurate insight into actual emissions during driving, which consequently allows for the improvement of existing emission limits and their adequate reduction through technology development.
In order for data on vehicle emissions to be applicable in further research, it is necessary to better define the testing procedure under real driving conditions (RDE). This is achieved through continuous development of portable emission measuring systems (PEMS) and continuous development of measurement methods. In laboratory tests of vehicle emissions, the test results cannot fully reproduce real-world conditions, but due to their performance in standardized conditions, measurement repeatability is ensured, as well as comparison of the results. In the case of testing under real driving conditions, due to the large number of unpredictable external influences on testing, measurement repeatability is difficult to achieve. The thesis aimed to determine which external factors and to what extent they affect the results of harmful emissions and whether their impact can be reduced.
Through the analysis of European Commission research, independent bodies, and our own research conducted with available Laboratory for Engines and Vehicles equipment, it was concluded that with today's conditions and emission limit values, it is almost impossible to achieve measurement repeatability under real driving conditions testing route due to the relatively large impact of external factors, such as the distance of the testing route, type of driving, and driver behavior.

• Keywords: Emisije štetnih tvari; utjecaj ispitne rute; mjerna nesigurnost; PEMS; WLTC; RDE
• Keywords (english): Vehicle emissions; influence of test route; measurement uncertainty; PEMS; WLTC; RDE.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:677649
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-05-08 14:17:41