Polimerne mješavine i njihova primjena

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Polymer blends and their application
• Author: Sven Meša Kulenović
• Mentor: Tatjana Haramina (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; (Department of Materials); (Chair of Materials and Tribology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Miješanje polimera predstavlja ekonomičan način za dobivanje novih materijala poboljšanih svojstava uz manje troškove razvoja u odnosu na razvoj novih materijala. Područje istraživanja polimernih mješavina je stoga od velikog interesa u polimernoj industriji jer se pravilnim postupcima dobiva materijal čija svojstva mogu biti poboljšana i odgovarati zahtjevima uz prihvatljiv trošak proizvodnje. Pošto je uporaba polimernih materijala iznimno raširena gotovo da i nema grane industrije ili znanosti u kojoj polimerne mješavine ne predstavljaju način za dobivanje materijala poboljšanih fizikalnih i mehaničkih svojstava koje se daju prilagoditi specifičnoj uporabi te mješavine. Daljnji razvoj tehnologije također omogućuje u potpunosti nove primjene takvih materijala, poput polimernih mješavina s mogućnošću otpuštanja lijekova u medicini. Međutim, malen je broj polimernih parova koji nakon miješanja tvore homogenu mješavinu na molekulskoj razini zbog činjenice da su polimeri u pravilu izrazito neskloni miješanju. Završni rad se bavi uzrocima mješljivosti i nemješljivosti polimera s termodinamičkog gledišta, odnosno uvjetima u kojima je polimerni par mješljiv, djelomično mješljiv ili nemješljiv. Prikazani su mehanizmi razdvajanja faza, kao i definicija temperature staklastog prijelaza te načini njenog eksperimentalnog određivanja. Rad sadrži i neke od metoda poboljšavanja mješljivosti odnosno kompatibilizacije, te neke postupke miješanja polimernih mješavina. Također su prikazani primjeri primjene polimernih mješavina u nekim granama industrije te njihova svojstva.

Abstract (english)

Polymer blending represents an economical way to produce new materials with improved properties while keeping the cost of production low compared to the development of new materials. Polymer blends are therefore of great interest to researchers because a proper mixing technique can produce a blend whose properties are improved and meet the specific requirements while keeping the production costs lower. The use of polymers is extremely widespread and there is hardly a single industry branch where polymer mixing does not represent a way to produce materials with improved physical and mechanical properties that can be tailored to specific criteria that a material has to fulfil. Further advancements of technology also allow for polymer blends to be used in an entirely new ways, such as usage of polymer blends for drug delivery in medicine. The main problem is that most polymers do not form a homogenous mixture at the molecular level after blending. This is because polymers have an inherent aversion to mixing. The undergraduate thesis deals with causes of miscibility and immiscibility of polymer blends from a thermodynamic point of view, defining conditions in which a polymer pair is miscible of immiscible. Additionally, mechanisms of phase separation are presented, as well as the definition of a glass transition temperature, along with its experimental methods. The thesis also contains some of the methods for improving miscibility by compatibilization, as well as some methods of polymer mixing processes. Examples of polymer blend usage cases are also presented, as well as their properties.

• Keywords: polimeri; polimerne mješavine; Gibbsova slobodna energija; Flory-Hugginsonova teorija; mješljivost; nemješljivost
• Keywords (english): polymers; polymer blends; Gibbs free energy; Flory-Huggins theory; miscibility; immiscibility
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:894761
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-09-20 20:21:35