Proizvodnja tehnološke pare korištenjem OIE

master's thesis

• Title (english): Industrial steam generation by RES utilisation
• Author: Patrik Pokrivka
• Mentor: Dražen Lončar (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-12-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Process Energy Engineering

Abstract

U diplomskom radu se istražene su mogućnosti i prednosti korištenja obnovljivih izvora
energije za proizvodnju tehnološke pare u različitim granama industrije. Zahtjevi za
smanjenjem ovisnosti o fosilnim gorivima i provedba energetske tranzicije na obnovljive izvore
energije zahtijevaju velike novčane investicije u industriju s konačnim ciljem potpune
dekarbonizacije industrijskog sektora.
U prvom djelu rada dan je uvid u trenutno stanje potrošnje energije industrijskog sektora te je
sagledan potencijal alternativnih izvora energije koje je moguće implementirati za različite
toplinske potrebe industrije. Provedena je tehno-ekonomska analiza isplativosti pogona
različitih sustava koji koriste OIE uključujući kotao na biomasu, električni kotao i dizalicu
topline te plinskog kotla kao predstavnika fosilnih izvora. Tehno-ekonomska analiza je
provedena za različite tjedne profile potrošnje tehnološke pare kao bi se usporedila isplativost
spomenutih sustava u različitim pogonskim uvjetima. Analiza je pokazala da postoji značajan
potencijal za uvođenje obnovljivih izvora energije u sustave za proizvodnju tehnološke pare.
Međutim, njihova konačna isplativost ovisi o nizu čimbenika, uključujući kretanje cijena
električne energije i fosilnih goriva. Smanjenjem odnosa cijena električne energije i fosilnih
goriva OIE sustavi postaju znatno konkurentniji i isplativiji na tržištu.
U drugom dijelu rada izveden je matematički model odabrane konfiguracije
visokotemperaturne dizalice topline te je analiziran utjecaj različitih strategija vođenja na
učinkovitost pogona pri različitim pogonskim uvjetima rada. Uspoređena je razlika između
dizalice topline s jednim stupnjem kompresije i dizalice topline s dodatnim ubrizgavanjem pare
za vrijeme kompresije radne tvari. Za manje razlike između temperatura toplinskog izvora i
toplinskog ponora, jednostupanjska dizalica topline daje dobre rezultate. Za velike
temperaturne razlike između toplinskog izvora i toplinskog ponora prilagodbom parametra
ubrizgavanja pare za vrijeme kompresije radne tvari moguće je postići višu učinkovitost sustava
što smanjuje ukupni trošak pogona i čini visoktemperaturne dizalice topline isplativijom
opcijom.

Abstract (english)

The thesis investigates the possibilities and advantages of using renewable energy sources
(RES) for the production of technological steam in different industries. The requirements to
reduce dependence on fossil fuels and implement the energy transition to RES require
significant financial investments in industry to achieve the complete decarbonization of the
industrial sector.
The first part of the thesis provides an overview of the current state of energy consumption in
the industrial sector and assesses the potential of alternative energy sources that can be
implemented for different industrial thermal needs. A techno-economic analysis of the
profitability of operating different systems using RES is conducted, including a biomass boiler,
an electric boiler, a heat pump, and a gas boiler as representative of fossil sources. The techno-economic analysis is done for different weekly profiles of technological steam consumption to
compare the profitability of these systems under different operating conditions. The analysis
showed that there is a significant potential for the introduction of RES into systems for the
production of technological steam. However, their ultimate profitability depends on a number
of factors, including the movements of electricity prices and fossil fuels. By reducing the ratio
of electricity prices to fossil fuel prices, RES systems become significantly more competitive
and profitable on the market.
In the second part of the thesis, a mathematical model of a selected configuration of a high-temperature heat pump is modeled and the impact of different control strategies on the
efficiency of operation under different operating conditions is analyzed. The difference between
a heat pump with one compression stage and a heat pump with enhanced vapour injection is
compared. For smaller differences between the temperatures of the heat source and the heat
sink, a single-stage heat pump gives good results. For large temperature differences between
the heat source and the heat sink, a heat pump with enhanced vapour injection allows for a
significant increase in the efficiency of the system, which reduces the total life cycle cost of
operation and makes the heat pump a more profitable option.

• Keywords: obnovljivi izvori energije; tehnološka para; alternativni energetski izvori; visokotemperaturna dizalica topline
• Keywords (english): renewable energy sources; industrial steam; alternative energy sources; high-temperature heat pump
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:674147
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-12-04 18:05:36