Utvrđivanje individualnih biomehaničkih veličina za prosudbu težine ljudskog rada

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Defining individual biomechanical values for evaluation of difficulty of human labor
• Author: Sarajko Baksa
• Mentor: Osman Muftić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dorian Marjanović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Osman Muftić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tanja Jurčević-Lulić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Medved (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Pavao Rudan (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2007-01-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 57 - Biological sciences. Physical anthropology. Biodiversity ; 621 - Mechanical engineering. Nuclear technology. Machinery

Abstract

Ponašanja su ljudskog tijela u uvjetima djelovanja vanjskih opterećenja pored većeg broja fizioloških čimbenika vezana i uz poznavanje promjena veličine tlaka u čovjekovoj trbušnoj šupljini. Nedvojbeno je utvrđena funkcijska zavisnost između tzv. lumbalnog momenta na razini kralješaka L4/L5 i tlaka u trbušnoj preši. Biomehaničko se rješenje svelo na tvorbu odgovarajućeg biomehaničkog modela koji je načelno ravninskog tipa, a odatle slijede i odgovarajući rezultati, koji su, pored toga što su ravninski, istodobno i približno simetrični za obje ruke. Ova je činjenica bila poticajem da se posebice prouči kakav utjecaj može imati prostorno djelovanje vanjskih opterećenja, misleći pri tome i na segmentalne težine pojedinih dijelova čovjekova tijela i na ostale procesne terete, na prirast tlaka u trbušnoj preši putnika tijekom pristupa i napuštanja putnog prostora zrakoplova. Istražene su prostorne promjene biomehaničkih karakteristika virtualnih humanoidnih karakternih modela te gibanja analognih biodinamičkih i tehničkih sustava, temeljenih na stvarnim antropometrijskim i biomehaničkim izmjerama tijela ljudi naše populacije, unutar virtualnih trodimenzionalnih prostora u svrhu analize njihova djelovanja u realnim uvjetima zrakoplovnog okoliša. Nadalje, na osnovi izvršenih antropometrijskih i biomehaničkih mjerenja istražen je za sada nedovoljan utjecaj personaliziranih oblika i dimenzija tijela kao i pripadnih tjelesnih položaja prilikom ljudskih aktivnosti koje se ostvaruju u ergonomijskim i biomehaničkim zahvatnim radnjama unutar zrakoplovnih sustava pri uporabi okolišnih elemenata koji s ljudskim tijelom dolaze u neposredan dodir ili ga prilikom njegovih radnih aktivnosti okružuju, glede mogućnosti točnog određivanja dimenzija idealno oblikovanog zrakoplovnog okolišnog sustava za svakog pojedinca zasebno. Provedeno je istraživanje digitalno dobivenih antropometrijskih izmjera i trodimenzionalnih dinamičkih promjena biomehaničkih karakteristika ljudi prilikom kretanja i mirovanja unutar zrakoplovnog putničkog prostora.

Abstract (english)

Responses of the human body to external loads, in addition to a large number of physiological factors, are connected to recognizing the changes in intra-abdominal pressure. A functional correlation between the so called lumbar moment at the levels of L4/L5 vertebrae and the intra-abdominal pressure has been undoubtedly established. Biomechanical solution came down to forming a suitable biomechanical model which is fundamentally a linear model, and from there the adequate results follow, which are, beside being linear, at the same time nearly symmetrical for both hands. This fact was a stimulus to research, in particular what kind of influence spatial effect of external loads can have, considering also the segmental weights of human body parts and the other weights in the process, on the intra-abdominal pressure in passengers during boarding and exiting airplane passenger area. Research was done on the spatial changes in biomechanical characteristics of virtual humanoid character models and movements of analogue biodynamical and technical systems, based on real anthropomorphic and biomechanical measurements of the human body in our population, inside virtual 3D spaces for the purpose of analyzing their function in real conditions of airplane environment. Furthermore, on the basis of performed anthropometric and biomechanical measurements, we investigated the so far insufficient influence of personalized body geometry and dimensions, as well as body positions during human activities performed in ergonomic and biomechanical clutching actions within airplane systems while using surrounding elements which come into immediate physical contact with the human body or surround it during performing regular working activities, for the purpose of accurate defining of dimensions of ideally shaped airplane environment for every individual separately. Research was conducted on digitally obtained anthropometric measurements and 3D dynamic changes in biomechanical characteristics of people during moving and inaction inside airplane passenger area.

• Keywords: antropometrija; ergonomija; virtualna analiza rada; biomehanički 3D humanoidni modeli; vizualizacija individualnih značajki
• Keywords (english): anthropometry; ergonomics; virtual analysis of labor; biomechanical 3D humanoid models visualization of individual characteristics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:876124
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje tehničkih znanosti (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje tehničkih znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-30 12:31:10