Nuklearna katastrofa u Fukushimi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Nuclear disaster in Fukushima
• Author: Evita Leljak
• Mentor: Mislav Čehil (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-02-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Process Energy Engineering

Abstract

Dana 11. ožujka 2011. Japan je pogodio razoran potres jačine devet stupnjeva prema Richterovoj skali i pritom nastao tsunami potopio je dijelove nuklearne elektrane Fukushima-Daiichi koja se sastojala od šest reaktora. U trenutku potresa samo su tri reaktora bila u funkciji, a u preostala tri odvijalo se planirano mijenjanje goriva. Uslijed potresa, elektrana je ostala bez priključka na električnu mrežu te je izvor napajanja zamijenjen dizel generatorima smještenim u podrumskim prostorima svakog od reaktora. Dolaskom tsunamija četrdeset minuta nakon potresa, potopljen je veći dio generatora te reaktorske jedinice 1-4 gube svaki izvor hlađenja, dok su jedinice 5 i 6 priključene na preostali funkcionalni generator jedinice 6. U reaktorima 1-4 dolazi i do eksplozija te ispuštanja radioaktivnih čestica u atmosferu i ocean. Reaktorima je vraćen izvor hlađenja i priključak na mrežu tek u periodu od 20. ožujka do početka svibnja 2011. godine. Nuklearna elektrana je još uvijek u procesu dekonstrukcije. Ova nuklearna katastrofa značajno je utjecala na viđenje nuklearne energije u svijetu u nadolazećem razdoblju, posebice u Japanu. Provedena istraživanja i usporedbe javnog mijenja o nuklearnoj energiji pokazala su značajan porast negativnog mišljenja o nuklearnim elektranama nakon katastrofe. Utjecaj katastrofe u Fukushimi osjeća se i danas u vidu zatvaranja mnogih nuklearnih elektrana u svijetu zbog opasnosti od sličnih događaja, no ipak tehnologija je napredovala i sigurnost elektrana od 2011. dodatno je pojačana.

Abstract (english)

On the 11th of March 2011, Japan was struck with an earthquake of magnitude nine on the Richter scale and the following tsunami flooded the nuclear power plant Fukushima-Daiichi. The power plant consisted of six reactors of which three were operating at the time and three were in cold shutdown because of scheduled refueling. The plant’s connection to the electrical grid was severely damaged in the earthquake resulting in a complete loss of off-site power supply and a station blackout. Hence, the reactor cooling was switched to the emergency diesel generators located in the basement part of the reactors. Forty minutes after the earthquake, the site was flooded by a tsunami, damaging almost all of the emergency generators, and leaving only one in unit 6 operational. Subsequently, units 1-4 lost all cooling sources, while units 5 and 6 were connected to the only operational diesel generator located in unit 6. From units 1-4, a substantial number of radioactive particles were released into the atmosphere because of the explosions and directly released into the ocean. In the period between the 20th of March and the beginning of May, the reactors were finally reconnected to the grid. The power plant is still being decommissioned today. The Fukushima nuclear disaster greatly affected the image of nuclear energy around the world, especially in Japan. The research done after the disaster shows a rapid increase in negative perception of nuclear energy among the questioned. The impact of the disaster is still seen to this day considering the number of nuclear power plants being shut down because of fear of another accident happening. Today, recent technologies are being implemented into nuclear power plants making them more reliable and safer since the 2011 disaster.

• Keywords: Fukushima; nuklearna energija; nuklearna katastrofa
• Keywords (english): Fukushima; nuclear energy; nuclear disaster
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:694753
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-02-23 11:53:16