Vodilje za izbor konstrukcije vanjskog i unutrašnjeg fiksatora

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Guidelines for choosing the design of the external and internal fixator
• Author: Ivan Uremović
• Mentor: Aleksandar Sušić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; General Mechanical Engineering (Construction)

Abstract

Izbor između vanjskog i unutrašnjeg fiksatora u ortopediji često nije jednostavan jer ovisi o mnogim faktorima, uključujući prirodu ozljede i stanje pacijenta uz razna ograničenja poput infekcija ili oblika kosti i prijeloma. Svrha ovog završnog rada je utvrđivanje vodilja pri izboru konstrukcije vanjskog, odnosno unutrašnjeg fiksatora za različita stanja prijeloma uz njihovu sigurnu primjenu gdje se kroz raspravu pokazuje kako pravilan izbor fiksatora smanjuje stopu operativnih i postoperativnih komplikacija. Da bi se mogle definirati takve vodilje, obuhvaćena su razna područja biomehanike i ortopedske kirurgije. Cilj ovog rada ostvaren je kroz istraživanje koštanih prijeloma, vrsta i uzroka te mehanizama cijeljenja istih. Nadalje, definirane su indikacije i kontraindikacije za svaku skupinu fiksatora te njihova konstrukcijska rješenja. Na koncu je provedena ergonomijska analiza primjene fiksatora. Ovdje se ukazuje na važnost veze između kosti i pina, rasporeda elemenata fiksatora i ravnine primjene kod vanjskih fiksatora te utjecaj pravilne ravnine kompresije, odnosno stabilizacije fragmenata pomoću unutrašnjih fiksatora. Shodno tome, a i ostalim spoznajama, definirane su vodilje za lakši izbor ispravne konstrukcije fiksatora iz kojih se, pomoću slijeda pitanja, odabire odgovarajući fiksator za pripadajuće stanje kosti i okolnog tkiva, oblik prijeloma ili lokaciju kosti.

Abstract (english)

The choice between an external and an internal fixator in orthopaedics is often not so simple because it depends on many factors, including the nature of the injury and the condition of the patient along with various limitations such as infections or shape of the bones and fractures. The purpose of this paper is to determine the guidelines for choosing the design of an external or internal fixator for different fracture conditions along with their safe application where the discussion shows how the correct choice of fixator reduces the rate of operative and postoperative complications. To be able to define such guidelines, it is necessary to cover various areas of biomechanics and orthopaedic surgery. That goal was achieved through the research of bone fractures, their types and causes, and their healing mechanisms. Furthermore, indications and contraindications for each group of fixators and their design solutions are defined. Finally, an ergonomic analysis of the application of the fixator was performed. Here, the importance of the connection between the bone and the pin, the arrangement of the fixator elements and the plane of application of external fixators and the influence of the correct plane of compression, i.e., the stabilization of fragments using internal fixators, is indicated. Accordingly, and with other findings, guidelines are defined for an easier choice of the correct design of the fixator, from which, using a sequence of questions, the appropriate fixator is selected for the associated condition of the bone and surrounding tissue, the shape of the fracture or the location of the bone.

• Keywords: vanjski fiksator; unutrašnji fiksator; vodilje; ergonomija; konstrukcije
• Keywords (english): external fixator; internal fixator; guidelines; ergonomics; designs
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:393676
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-21 11:13:01