Izrada simulacijskog modela motora sa unutarnjim izgaranjem sa asinkronim starter motorom-generatorom u hibridnom električnom vozilu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Simulation model design for an internal combustion engine using induction motor starter-generator in a hybrid electric vehicle
• Author: Filip Plavac
• Mentor: Danijel Pavković (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-05-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Uslijed klimatskih promjena uzrokovanih stakleničkim plinovima, unutar kojih najveći udio ima CO2, regulatorna tijela proizvođačima automobila postavljaju postepeno strože zahtjeve za smanjenjem emisija. Od 2021. ciljana prosječna emisija flote pojedinog proizvođača postaje <= 95 g CO2/km što odgovara smanjenju od 27% u odnosu na prijašnjih 130 g CO2/km. Ovi zahtjevi motivirali su proizvođače na razvoj novih tehnologija kako bi elektrificirali svoje flote, a povoljna tehnologija s gledišta cijene i jednostavnosti integracije jest 48 V električna arhitektura s asinkronim motorom kao aktuatorom. Asinkroni motor koji ima funkciju startera i generatora je remenom povezan na radilicu motora SUI (s unutarnjim izgaranjem), a u literaturi se može naći pod akronimom BSG (eng. Belt Starter Generator). Cilj ovog rada jest projektirati sustav za prigušenje vibracija elastičnog remena koji povezuje remenice BSG-a i radilice motora SUI, te ga ispitati na mikro razini (sustav FEAD, eng. Front End Accessory Drive) i na sistemskoj razini (vozilo). U tu svrhu izrađen je matematički model asinkronog motora u programskom paketu MATLAB/SIMULINK, unutar kojeg je implementiran regulacijski sustav podešen prema optimumu dvostrukog odnosa, a FEAD je izveden kao dvomaseni sustav karakteriziran oprugom i prigušnicom. Kako bi se dobio vjerniji odziv, u simulacijskom okruženju AVL EXCITE TM Timing Drive izrađen je FEAD model, gdje je elastični remen diskretiziran većim brojem specijalnih elemenata u odnosu na dvomasenu simplifikaciju iz MATLAB-a. Performanse upravljačkog sustava na ovakvom modelu ispitane su preko kosimulacije između EXCITE TM Timing Drive-a i MATLAB-a. Nadalje, u svrhu provedbe sistemske simulacije u simulacijskom okruženju AVL CRUISE TM M u postojeći model hibridnog vozila P0 konfiguracije implementiran je model BSG-a i upravljački sustav iz MATLAB-a kao FMU (eng. Functional Mock-up Unit). Upravljački sustav podešen je tako da omogućuje pokretanje i potpomognuti rad motora SUI po potrebi, a prijenos okretnog momenta s vratila BSG-a na radilicu motora SUI ostvaren je krutom vezom. Konačno, kako bi se u sistemskoj simulaciji uključila dinamika elastičnog prijenosa, proračunata je ekvivalentna torzijska krutost i prigušenje FEAD sustava iz EXCITE TM Timing Drive-a, te je njima parametrirana sprega između rotora BSG-a i radilice motora SUI unutar CRUISE TM M modela.

Abstract (english)

Due to climate change caused by greenhouse gases, with CO2 making up the biggest share, regulatory bodies are imposing gradually stricter demands for reduction of emissions on car manufacturers. Starting from 2021., the average emissions target for a manufacturer’s fleet is set to 95 g CO2/km, which corresponds to the reduction of 27% compared to the former target of 130 g CO2/km. These demands have motivated car manufactures to develop novel technologies in order to electrify their fleets and a favorable technology from the standpoint of cost and simplicity of integration is the 48 V electrical architecture utilizing an induction motor actuator. The induction motor, which operates both as a starter and a generator, is coupled via the timing belt with the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine (ICE) and is referenced in the literature as BSG (Belt Starter Generator). The goal of this thesis was to design a vibration damping system for the belt which couples the BSG pulley with the ICE crankshaft pulley and to test the aforementioned system on the micro level (FEAD system, i.e. Front End Accessory Drive), as well as on the system level (vehicle). To this end, a mathematical model of an induction motor was made in MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation environment, within which the control system based on the damping optimum criterion has been implemented and FEAD defined as two masses coupled via spring and a damper. In order to obtain a more accurate system response, a FEAD model utilizing the elastic belt comprised of a larger number of specialized discrete elements compared to the two mass MATLAB simplification has been designed in the AVL EXCITE TM Timing Drive. The performance of the control system on this model was tested by means of EXCITE TM and MATLAB cosimulation. Furthermore, the induction motor model and the corresponding control systems from MATLAB have been compiled as an FMU (Functional Mock-up Unit) and integrated into the existing P0 hybrid vehicle model in AVL CRUISE TM M in order to perform a system level simulation. The control system has been set up to enable “on demand” start-up and boosting of the ICE, with the BSG torque being transferred to the ICE crankshaft by means of rigid coupling. Finally, in order to capture the dynamics of the elastic belt in CRUISE TM M system simulation, the equivalent torsional stiffness and damping of the FEAD system from EXCITE TM Timing Drive have been calculated and used to parametrize the coupling between the BSG rotor and ICE crankshaft in CRUISE TM M model.

• Keywords: hibridno vozilo; P0 konfiguracija; asinkroni motor; matematički model; regulacijski sustav; elastični remen; prigušenje vibracija
• Keywords (english): hybrid vehicle; P0 configuration; induction motor; mathematical model; control system; elastic belt; vibrations damping
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:979499
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-05-04 10:47:11