Title Nematerijalni indikatori u razvoju tehničkih sustava Title (english) The intangible indicators in development of technical systems Author Stanko Škec Mentor Dorian Marjanović (mentor)Committee member Mario Štorga (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Dorian Marjanović (član povjerenstva)Committee member Nedeljko Štefanić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Marina Dabić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Tomaž Savšek (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2015-06-24, Croatia Scientific / art field, TECHNICAL SCIENCES Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 658 - Business management, administration. Commercial organization 65 - Communication and transport industries. Accountancy. Business management. Public relations Abstract Kontinuirano mjerenje i praćenje izvedbe projekata razvoja tehničkih sustava nužno je za objektivnu i jasnu procjenu dinamike ostvarivanja ciljeva, ranu detekciju i ispravljanje pogrešaka, te davanje pravodobne povratne informacije potrebne za uspješno upravljanje projektima. Tradicionalni pristupi upravljanja projektima razvoja tehničkih sustava uobičajeno koriste materijalne indikatore za mjerenje izvedbe projekta. Da bi informacija o izvedbi projekta bila potpuna, potrebno je uključiti i socio-tehničku perspektivu – značajke sudionika, procesa i radnoga okruženja. Socio-tehnička se perspektiva može opisati pomoću operativnih nematerijalnih indikatora s naglaskom na ponašanje pojedinaca i timova, razmjenu znanja te rješavanje tehničkih problema i stvaranje novih ideja. Analiza individualnog i timskog rada u hijerarhijskim organizacijskim strukturama osnova je za bolje razumijevanje, praćenje i mjerenje dinamike izvedbe projekata. Modeliranjem dinamike nematerijalnih operativnih indikatora omogućuje se proaktivno upravljanje projektima razvoja tehničkih sustava i prepoznavanje operativnih rizika vezanih uz te indikatore. U okviru disertacije predloženi su nematerijalni indikatori svrstani u četiri cjeline intelektualnog kapitala na individualnoj i timskoj razini: kompetencije i znanje, komunikacija i razmjena informacija, inovativnost i ideacija te motivacija i zadovoljstvo. Predloženi je popis nematerijalnih indikatora poslužio kao polazište za izradu ankete, razvoj aplikacije za uzorkovanje rada i osmišljavanje integracije s IT sustavima, čime se omogućuje praćenje izvedbe pojedinaca i timova u stvarnom vremenu. Uzorkovanje rada do sada nije korišteno u ovom kontekstu, te omogućuje kvantitativno i objektivnije prikupljanje podataka o aktivnostima u razvoju tehničkih sustava na individualnoj i timskoj razini. U okviru doktorskog rada, definiran je i model agregacije koji omogućuje izračun agregiranih vrijednosti indikatora za cjeline intelektualnog kapitala. Koristeći težinske faktore dobivene pomoću Metode potencijala, agregirana vrijednost indikatora izračunava se upotrebom diferencijalno ponderirane linearne agregacije. Studija slučaja provedena je u tvrtki čije su istraživačke i razvojne djelatnosti orijentirane na sustave za proizvodnju, distribuciju i transformaciju električne energije. Nakon provedene studije slučaja analiza indikatora omogućila je detaljan uvid u izvođenje aktivnosti tijekom razvoja ugradbenih upravljačkih sustava i vrednovanje predložene metode. Postupak vrednovanja podijeljen je na dva dijela: 1. vrednovanje izvedivosti i korisnosti metode i 2. vrednovanje rezultata. Vrednovanje izvedivosti i korisnosti metode obuhvaćalo je usporedbu s pristupima u literaturi, upotrebu studije slučaja i razmatranje primjene metode u širem kontekstu. Prvi dio vrednovanja potvrdio je da su pojedinačni indikatori pravilno definirani i da predložena metoda ispunjava namijenjenu svrhu u smislu unutarnje konzistentnosti i vanjske relevantnosti. Za vrednovanje rezultata nematerijalnih indikatora poslužila je usporedba s rezultatima analize organizacijskih rizika dobivenih primjenom organizacijske metamatrice (društvena mreža, mreža znanja, mreža resursa, mreža zadataka). Drugi dio vrednovanja potvrdio je trendove indikatora te komplementarnost predložene metode s metodama za analizu organizacijskih rizika.
Abstract (english) Continuous measurement and monitoring of project performance is essential for objective goal assessment, early detection of errors and providing timely feedback relevant for successful project management. Traditional project management approaches that are used in the development of technical systems are based on tangible indicators for project performance measurement. However, for the effective project management there is a necessity to embrace the socio-technical perspective – working processes and organizational environment. Sociotechnical perspective can be measured by using operational indicators with an emphasis on behavior, knowledge exchange and ideation aspects. Analysis of interactions between individuals in hierarchical organization structures is a prerequisite for better understanding, monitoring and measuring project performance dynamics. Modeling of dynamics of operational indicators for competencies, innovativeness, communication and motivation on individual and team level, enables proactive management of technical systems development projects and identification of operational risks related to those indicators. Based on literature review and initial empirical studies, the list and network of intangible indicators were proposed. Indicators were grouped into four elements of intellectual capital on individual and team level: Competences and knowledge, Communication and information exchange, Innovativeness and ideation, and Motivation and satisfaction. The proposed list of indicators was used as a starting point for creating a survey, development of work sampling application and integration with IT systems for data gathering that allows monitoring of the performance of individuals and teams in real time. Work sampling has not been used in this context before and allows the quantitative and more objective data collection on activities within the technical systems development at the individual and team level. In addition, aggregation model was defined which allows calculation of aggregated values for each element of intellectual capital. Values for each intellectual capital element were calculated by using the weighting factors obtained with the Potential method and by applying the differential linear weighted aggregation. A case study was carried out in the R&D company whose research and development activities are focused on the development of systems for production, distribution and transformation of electrical energy. After case study had been conducted, analysis of the indicators enabled detailed insight into the performance of activities during the development of embedded control systems and validation of the proposed method. The validation process of the proposed method was divided into two parts: 1. Validation of the feasibility and usefulness of the method, and 2. Validation of results. Validation of the feasibility and usefulness of the method included a comparison with existing literature, the use of case study and discussion about the method usage in a broader context. The first part of the validation confirmed that the individual indicators were set correctly and that the proposed method fulfills its intended purpose in terms of internal consistency and external relevance. For the purposes of validating the results of intangible indicators, comparison was used with the results of the organizational risk analysis method. The second part of the validation confirmed the results of the indicators trends and complementary nature of the proposed method to methods for organisational risk assessment.
Keywords
indikatori izvedbe
upravljanje projektima
intelektualni kapital
razvoj tehničkih sustava
uzorkovanje rada
organizacijski rizici
dinamička analiza kompleksnih mreža
metoda potencijala
Keywords (english)
performance indicators
project management
intellectual capital
development of technical systems
work sampling
organizational risks
dynamic analysis of complex networks
Potential method
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:235:964786 Study programme Title: Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-04-23 21:40:00
