Tehno-ekonomska analiza kogeneracijskog postrojenja spojenog na centralizirani toplinski sustav grada Ogulina

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Tecno-economic analysis of a cogeneration plant connected to the district heating of the City of Ogulin
• Author: Edi Kirasić
• Mentor: Neven Duić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-03-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Borba protiv globalnog zatopljenja posljednjih godina postaje glavni prioritet međunarodne zajednice pa tako i Hrvatske. Potiče se povećanje energetske učinkovitosti u gradnji i upotreba obnovljivih izvora energije kako bi se zaustavile emisije štetnih plinova u atmosferu. Iz tog razloga, u fokus ove tehno-ekonomske analize stavljena je biomasa, jedna od obnovljivih izvora energije, kojom obiluje Republika Hrvatska.
Prikazane su glavne karakteristike biomase kao i postupak kojim se iz biomase dobiva korisna energija. Opisana su kogeneracijska postrojenja u kojima se izgaranjem biomase istovremeno dobiva toplinska i električna energija. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) kogeneracijska postrojenja gdje se kao posrednik u pretvorbi energije koristi organski medij. Prikazan je i model poticaja tržišnom premijom kojom se potiče proizvodnja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora energije.
Poznavanjem tih osnova te uz podatke iz prakse izvedena je metoda za provedbu tehno-ekonomske analize izgradnje ORC postrojenja uz postojeću tvornicu parketa u Ogulinu. Tvornica ima velike potrebe za toplinskom i električnom energijom, a sadašnji način dobivanja korisne energije može se unaprijediti. Metoda prikazuje i razrađuje sve važne ulazne i izlazne parametre koji služe za ocjenjivanje isplativosti izgradnje ovakvih postrojenja.
Sama analiza projekta pokazala je najveću isplativost kada se postrojenje dimenzionira prema baznom električnom opterećenju i kada se uz cijenu prodane električne energije isplaćuje tržišna premija. Isplativost spajanja na CTS grada Ogulina pokazala se upitnom zbog niske linearne gustoće toplinske energije i malih prihoda od prodaje energije, no u tim slučajevima stupnjevi iskoristivosti biomase su najveći. Isplativost ulaganja u CTS povećala bi se spajanjem većeg broja potrošača.

Abstract (english)

The battle against global warming has become an absolute priority in recent years among the international community, including Croatia. Increasing energy efficiency in construction and the use of renewable energy sources are encouraged to stop the emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere. For this reason, biomass, one of the renewable energy sources, which Republic of Croatia is abounded with, has been put into the focus of techno-economic analysis.
The main characteristics of biomass are presented as well as processes of obtaining useful energy from it. Cogeneration plants are described where combustion of biomass simultaneously produces heat and electricity. Particular emphasis is placed on ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) cogeneration plants where an organic fluid is used as an energy conversion agent. The model of feed-in premium incentive is shown. It subsidizes production of electricity from renewable energy sources.
Knowing these basics and with data from practice, the method, for the technical-economic analysis of the construction of the ORC plan near the existing parquet factory in Ogulin, is carried out. The factory has a great need for heat and electricity, and current way of obtaining useful energy can be improved. The method presents and elaborates all important input and output parameters used to evaluate the feasibility of constructing such facility.
Projects analysis has shown highest cost-effectiveness when plant is dimensioned to base electric load and when producer receives feed-in premium for sold electricity. The cost-effectiveness of the connection to the Ogulin district heating system has been questionable due to low linear heat density and low revenues from selling heat, but those cases have shown highest biomass usage efficiency. The viability of investing in connection to the district heating would increase with a greater number of consumers in the grid.

• Keywords: biomasa; kogeneracijsko postrojenje; ORC; tržišna premija; CTS
• Keywords (english): biomass; cogeneration plant; ORC; feed-in premium; district heating
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:256879
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-05-22 23:53:46