Izrada računala motora bolida Formule student

master's thesis

• Title (english): Development of engine control unit of Formula student car
• Author: Nick Findrik
• Mentor: Darko Kozarac (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-03-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; General Mechanical Engineering (Construction)

Abstract

U sklopu ovog rada izrađena je centralna jedinica motora bolida formule student. Proučena su postojeća komercijalno dostupna programibilna računala motora, definirani njihovi prednosti i nedostatci te je napravljen popis zadataka i funkcija koje računalo mora odraditi na bolidu formule student. Odlučeno je da će se napraviti računalo s mogućnosti upravljanja motorom do 4 cilindra iako se na trenutnom bolidu koristi jednocilindrični motor. Sama kompleksnost sustava ne povećava se značajno, ali se omogućuje testiranje na četverocilindričnom motoru prije završetka izrade bolida. Napravljena je analiza svih senzora i aktuatora koji se koriste na bolidu i definirani su strujni krugovi i komponente potrebne za kondicioniranje signala i upravljanje aktuatorima. Za sve komponente korištena su SMD (komponente za površinsku montažu) pakiranja koja zbog manjih dimenzija omogućuju veću gustoću komponenti na tiskanim pločicama, a time i manje dimenzije tiskane pločice. Druga velika prednost je znatno veća otpornost na vibracije, posebno bitno kod jednocilindarski motora trenutno korištenog na bolidu. Sheme su napravljene u programskom paketu Altium Designer, a prateće komponente integriranih krugova odabrane prema preporukama proizvođača ili proračunu. Prije izrade konačne verzije, glavne komponente ispitane su zasebno i izrađena je centralna jedinica na prototipnoj pločici u svrhu testiranja upravljačkog programa mikrokontrolera. Upravljački program za mikrokontroler STM32F4 napisan je C++ programskim jezikom u Visual Micru uz korištenje stm32duino biblioteka. Kućište centralne jedinice izrađeno je aditivnim postupkom selektivnog laserskog sinteriranja polimera, a spoj dva dijela kućišta brtvljen je gumenom brtvom kako bi se osigurala vodonepropusnost. Na kraju je u Visual Basicu napravljena aplikacija koja preko USB porta komunicira s centralnom jedinicom i omogućuje jednostavno podešavanje parametara ubrizgavanja, paljenja i raznih ostalih funkcija u realnom vremenu te nadzor i prikupljanje svih podataka na računalo. Prototipna verzija sustava testirana je na četverocilindričnom motoru iz Honde Civic 1997.

Abstract (english)

In this thesis the engine control unit of the Formula Student car was developed. Commercially available programable engine control units have been studied, their advantages and disadvantages were defined and a list of tasks and functions that an ECU must perform on a formula student car has been made. It was decided that a ECU with a 4-cylinder engine management capability will be designed even though a single cylinder engine is used on the current formula student car. In this way the system's complexity does not increase significantly, but it is possible to test the ECU on a readily available four-cylinder engine before the formula student car is finished. An analysis of all sensors and actuators used on the car was performed and the circuitry and components required for signal conditioning and actuator control were defined. SMD (surface mount device) components were used for all circuits which due to smaller dimensions, allow for greater component density and thus smaller dimensions of the printed circuit board. Another advantage is significantly higher resistance to mechanical vibrations, especially important for the one-cylinder engine currently used on the car. Electrical schematics were made in the Altium Designer software package and the accompanying components of the integrated circuits were selected according to manufacturer's recommendation or calculation. Before the final version was made, the main components were tested separately and an engine control unit was built on the prototyping board to test the microcontroller firmware. The STM32F4 microcontroller firmware was written in C++ programming language in Visual Micro using the stm32duino library. The ECU case was made by additive manufacturing selective laser sintering of the polymer, and the connection of the two housing parts was sealed with a rubber seal to ensure waterproofness. Finally, in Visual Basic, an application that communicates with the engine control unit via the USB port was made, which allows simple adjustments of injection, ignition and various other parameters in real-time and monitoring and logging of all the data to the PC. The prototype version of the system was tested on a four-cylinder engine from Honda Civic 1997.

• Keywords: ubrizgavanje goriva; upravljačka jedinica motora; paljenje smjese; tiskana pločica; motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem; formula student
• Keywords (english): fuel injection; engine control unit; ignition; printed circuit board; internal combustion engine; formula student
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:269046
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-05-22 22:14:43