Uloga dizalica topline velikih snaga u budućim energetskim sustavima

master's thesis

• Title (english): The role of large scale heat pumps in future energy systems
• Author: Dominik Franjo Dominković
• Mentor: Brian Vad Mathiesen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3917-1184 (mentor)
• Mentor: Goran Krajačić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-01-23, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Ovaj diplomski rad predstavlja procjenu uloge dizalica topline velikih instaliranih snaga u budućem energetskom sustavu.

U uvodu je opisana analiza trenutnog danskog energetskog sustava s posebnim naglaskom na sektore električne te toplinske energije. Također je objašnjen tehnološki koncept dizalica topline velikih instaliranih snaga.

Poslije uvoda slijedi analiza dvaju modela koji se koriste za modeliranje energetskih sustava, EnergyPLAN-a i TIMES-a (MARKAL-a), kako bi se ukazalo na prednosti i nedostatke oba modela. Glavni zaključak analize je da EnergyPLAN-u ima prednost prilikom modeliranja energetskih sustava sa visokim udjelom intermitentnih izvora energije.

U sljedećem poglavlju je prikazana analiza investicije u električni kotao te dizalice topline velike instalirane snage koristeći metodu usrednjenih troškova toplinske energije (eng. levelized cost of heating energy). Također je analizirana i elastičnost potražnje za električnom energijom na Nordpool burzi električne energije. Analizom se pokušalo utvrditi hoće li povećana potražnja za električnom energijom uslijed pogona dizalica topline dovesti do porasta cijena električne energije.

Naposljetku, nekoliko različitih scenarija razvijeno je u EnergyPLAN-u s različitim instaliranim snagama vjetroelektrana, optimalnim kapacitetima dizalica topline velikih instaliranih snaga te sezonskim spremnicima topline u obliku jame (eng. pit thermal energy storage). U radu je pokazano da za svaku instaliranu snagu vjetroelektrana u energetskom sustavu postoji određena optimalna snaga dizalica topline, koja će smanjiti ukupne troškove energetskog sustava, CO2 emisija i kritičnog viška u proizvodnji električne energije (CEEP). Dodatne uštede u troškovima energetskog sustava ostvarive su dodavanjem velikih sezonskih spremnika topline u sustav s već optimalno instaliranom snagom dizalica topline.

Abstract (english)

In this thesis, several tasks were performed in order to evaluate the role of large scale heat pumps in the near term future energy systems.

Firstly, the analysis of the Danish current energy system was carried out with the special emphasize on the electricity and district heating sector. Moreover, a technical concept of the large scale heat pumps was provided.

Secondly, the analysis of EnergyPLAN and TIMES (MARKAL) modelling tools was performed in order to detect pros and cons of each of the models. EnergyPLAN was chosen as the favourable modelling tool for the assessment of the energy systems with high share of intermittent energy sources.

Thirdly, for the purpose of economic evaluation of investments in electric boilers and large scale heat pumps, a levelized cost of heating energy (LCOH) was calculated.

Furthermore, price elasticity of electricity demand on Nordpool’s El-spot market was calculated in order to assess possible shift in demand due to possible increased usage of electricity by heat pumps.

Lastly, several different scenarios in EnergyPLAN were developed with different wind penetration levels, large scale heat pumps capacity and pit thermal energy storage (PTES). It was shown that for each wind penetration level, a certain amount of large scale heat pumps is optimal, which reduces the total system costs, CO2 emissions and critical excess in electricity production (CEEP). Moreover, adding large scale seasonal thermal energy storage to the system with implemented optimal level of heat pumps capacity will decrease total system costs even more.

• Keywords: danski energetski sustav; područno grijanje; dizalica topline; EnergyPLAN; TIMES; MARKAL; usrednjeni troškovi toplinske energije; Nordpool; El-spot; sezonski spremnik topline
• Keywords (english): Danish energy system; district heat; wind energy; heat pump; EnergyPLAN; TIMES; MARKAL; levelized cost of heating energy; Nordpool; El-spot; pit thermal energy storage; seasonal thermal energy storage; CEEP
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:888180
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-05-22 12:26:09