Usporedba termotehničkih sustava za obiteljsku kuću pogonjenih električnom energijom

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Comparison of electrically powered termotechnical systems for household application
• Author: Ante Bebić
• Mentor: Luka Boban (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-02-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Process Energy Engineering

Abstract

U radu je provedena energetska i ekonomska analiza sustava grijanja, hlađenja i pripreme PTV-a obiteljske kuće na području grada Zagreba, čija je korisna površina 108 m2. Energetska svojstva kuće zadovoljavaju Tehnički propis o racionalnoj uporabi energije i toplinskoj zaštiti u zgradama. Za analizu je odabrano 5 različitih izvedbi sustava s dizalicama topline i neposrednim električnim grijačima. U prvom koraku je u računalnom alatu IntegraCAD, u skladu s HRN EN 12831 i VDI 2078, izračunato projektno toplinsko opterećenje kuće, te ono iznosi 4,901 kW u sezoni grijanja i 5,818 kW u sezoni hlađenja. Zatim je provoden proračun godišnje potrebne energije za grijanje i hlađenje kuće u računalnom alatu Microsoft Office Excel pomoću jednostavne satne metode prema HRN EN 13790, te ona iznosi 37,47 kWh/m2 za grijanje i 40,67 kWh/m2 . Također je pretpostavljen profil dnevne potrošnje PTV-a od 200 l/dan za obiteljsku kuću s 4 osobe, te je proračun godišnje potrebne energije za pripremu PTV-a integriran u satnu metodu i ona iznosi 35,38 kWh/m2. U Microsoft Office Excel-u razvijen je model pomoću linearne regresije s polinomima koji izračunavaju vrijednosti COP-a i EER-a dizalica topline pri bilo kojim radnim uvjetima. Dobiveni model je integriran u jednostavnu satnu metodu i na temelju njega je izračunata utrošena električna energija odabranih sustava u svakom satu u godini. Prikupljeni su iskustveni podaci o instalacijskim troškovima pojedinih sustava, a pomoću odabranog tarifnog modela Bijeli s internet stranice HEP Elektra d.o.o. određena je cijena 1 kWh električne energije u višoj dnevnoj i nižoj noćnoj tarifi. Na kraju su izračunati ukupni troškovi instalacije i pogona u vremenskom periodu od 20 godina. Iz analize rezulata pokazalo se da je najučinkovitija i najpovoljnija glede utjecaja na okoliš kombinacija sustava s dizalicom topline zrak-voda za grijanje i pripremu PTV-a te dizalicom topline zrak-zrak za hlađenje. Ekonomski najisplativija je kombinacija sustava s dizalicom topline zrak-zrak za grijanje i hlađenje te električnim grijačem za pripremu PTV-a.

Abstract (english)

In this thesis an energy and economic analysis of the heating, cooling and DHW systems of a family house in Zagreb, whose net surface is 108 m2, was carried out. The energy properties of the house meet the Technical Regulation on the rational use of energy and thermal protection in buildings. 5 different versions of the system with heat pumps and direct electric heaters were selected for analysis. In the first step, the design heat load of the house was calculated in IntegraCAD, in accordance with HRN EN 12831 and VDI 2078, with 4,901 kW in the heating season and 5,818 kW in the cooling season. Afterwards, the calculation of the annual energy required for heating and cooling of the house was carried out in Microsoft Office Excel using the simple hourly method taken from HRN EN 13790, and it amounts to 37,47 kWh/m2 for heating and 40,67 kWh/m2 for cooling. A daily DHW consumption profile of 200 l/day for a family house with 4 people was also assumed, and the annual energy budget for the preparation of DHW was integrated into the hourly method and it amounts to 35,38 kWh/m2. A model was developed in Microsoft Office Excel using linear regression with polynomials that calculate COP and EER values of heat pumps for any operating condition. The obtained model was integrated into a simple hourly method and based on it, the consumed electrical energy of the selected systems was calculated in each hour of the year. After collecting empirical data on the installation costs of individual systems, using the selected tariff model Bijeli from the website of HEP Elektra d.o.o. the price of 1 kWh of electricity is determined in a higher daily and lower night rate. At the end, the total costs of installation and operation over a period of 20 years were calculated. The analysis of the results showed that the most efficient and favorable in terms of environmental impact is the system with an air-to-water heat pump for heating and DHW preparation and an air-to-air heat pump for cooling. The most cost-effective system is the combination of an air-to-air heat pump for heating and cooling and an electric heater for DHW preparation.

• Keywords: nZEB; grijanje; hlađenje; dizalica topline; energetska analiza; ekonomska analiza
• Keywords (english): nZEB; heating; cooling; heat pump; energy analysis; economic analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:183053
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; specializations in: Design, Process and Energy Engineering, Production Engineering, Engineering Modelling and Computer Simulation, Marine Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Management, Materials Engineering; Course: Process and Energy Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-02-29 04:13:41