| Abstract | Ovaj završni rad bavi se analizom povratne logistike u prodaji s posebnim naglaskom na upravljanje ambalažom, vraćenom robom te procesima reciklaže i ponovne upotrebe materijala. Povratna logistika postaje sve važniji segment modernog poslovanja, kako s ekonomskog aspekta smanjenja troškova i povećanja učinkovitosti, tako i s ekološkog aspekta očuvanja resursa i smanjenja otpada. U radu su analizirani ključni izazovi s kojima se susreće povratna logistika, uključujući složene administrativne procese, razduživanje ambalaže, preciznu kontrolu inventara te zahtjevnost sortiranja vraćenih proizvoda i ambalaže.
Poseban naglasak stavljen je na analizu trenutnog sustava povratne logistike u odabranoj tvrtki te identificiranje ključnih problema koji smanjuju njegovu učinkovitost. Uočeno je da su procesi papirologije i razduživanja ambalaže izuzetno kompleksni te da njihova neprecizna provedba može rezultirati velikim manjkovima i financijskim gubicima. Također, proces sortiranja vraćenih materijala pokazao se kao dodatni izazov, budući da zbog kapaciteta i veličine trgovina nije uvijek moguće obaviti pravilnu separaciju na izvoru, što stvara dodatni rad i troškove na razini skladišta.
Kako bi se unaprijedio postojeći sustav, predložena su konkretna poboljšanja koja uključuju bolju organizaciju skladišnog prostora, automatizaciju određenih administrativnih procesa te poboljšanja u komunikaciji između različitih sudionika logističkog lanca. Također, razmatraju se tehnološka rješenja poput digitalizacije sustava praćenja ambalaže i optimizacije transportnih ruta kako bi se dodatno povećala učinkovitost. Naglašena je i važnost kružne ekonomije, odnosno koncepta u kojem se materijali neprestano koriste i recikliraju umjesto da postanu otpad, što retail industriji može donijeti dugoročnu održivost i konkurentnost.
Kroz ovu analizu prikazana je kompleksnost povratne logistike, ali i njen neiskorišteni potencijal za optimizaciju i povećanje efikasnosti. Implementacija inovativnih rješenja i bolja organizacija procesa može značajno poboljšati poslovne rezultate poduzeća, smanjiti negativan utjecaj na okoliš te omogućiti održiviji i ekonomski isplativiji način poslovanja. |
| Abstract (english) | This thesis explores and analyzes reverse logistics processes in the retail industry, with a focus on managing returned goods, packaging, and recycling and reuse processes. Reverse logistics is becoming an increasingly important aspect of modern business, both from an economic perspective—reducing costs and increasing efficiency—and from an environmental perspective—preserving resources and minimizing waste. The study identifies key challenges in reverse logistics, including complex administrative procedures, packaging reconciliation, precise inventory control, and the demanding process of sorting returned products and packaging.
A special emphasis is placed on analyzing the current reverse logistics system and identifying critical inefficiencies that reduce its effectiveness. It has been observed that documentation and packaging reconciliation processes are highly complex, and inaccuracies in their execution can lead to significant shortages and financial losses. Additionally, sorting returned materials has proven to be a major challenge, as due to space limitations in stores, proper separation is often not possible at the source, creating additional workload and costs at the warehouse level.
To improve the existing system, specific enhancements have been proposed, including better warehouse organization, automation of certain administrative processes, and improvements in communication between different stakeholders in the logistics chain. Technological solutions such as digitization of packaging tracking and optimization of transport routes are also considered to further increase efficiency. The importance of the circular economy is emphasized, promoting a system in which materials are continuously reused and recycled instead of becoming waste, ensuring long-term sustainability and competitiveness in the retail industry.
This analysis highlights the complexity of reverse logistics, but also its untapped potential for optimization and efficiency improvements. Implementing innovative solutions and better process organization can significantly enhance business performance, reduce environmental impact, and enable a more sustainable and economically viable approach to operations. |
| Study programme | Title: Mechanical Engineering; specializations in: Design, Process and Energy Engineering, Production Engineering, Engineering Modelling and Computer Simulation, Marine Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Management, Materials Engineering
Course: Industrial Engineering and Management
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva) |
