Projekt sustava grijanja, hlađenja i ventilacije osnovne škole

master's thesis

• Title (english): Design of heating, cooling and ventilation system for elementary school
• Author: Lovro Kovačević
• Mentor: Igor Balen (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-12-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mechanical Engineering; Process Energy Engineering

Abstract

Radom je obuhvaćena rekonstrukcija termotehničkog sustava osnovne škole na području Zagreba. Školska zgrada se sastoji od tri dijela; škole, bazena i školske dvorane. Radom je razrađeno tehničko rješenje grijanja, hlađenja i mehaničke ventilacije škole. Škola se sastoji od prizemlja i prvog kata, ukupne površine 3217 𝑚2. Ukupno toplinsko opterećenje zgrade iznosi 470,2 kW pri vanjskoj projektnoj temperaturi -13°C. Postojeća strojarnica s kotlovima koji kao izvor energije koriste loživo ulje zamjenjuje se kondenzacijskim kotlom na ukapljeni naftni plin u kombinaciji s dvije dizalice topline zrak-voda. Dizalice topline isporučuju toplinski učin od 264 kW pri projektnim uvjetima, a kondenzacijski kotao toplinskog učina 283 kW se uključuje kada dizalice topline više ne mogu na sebe preuzeti toplinsko opterećenje zgrade. Ogrjevna tijela u svim prostorima su radijatori srednjetemperaturnog režima 60/50°C koji se zadržavaju. Uz sustav grijanja predviđen je centralni sustav mehaničke ventilacije škole koji se koristi i za hlađenje ljeti. Tehničko rješenje hlađenja je putem ventilacijskog sustava kako bi se izbjeglo postavljanje dodatnog rashladnog tijela u prostore učionica. Priprema zraka za mehaničku ventilaciju i hlađenje je pomoću klima jedinica za pripremu zraka koje rekuperiraju toplinu iz istrošenog zraka. Izvor rashladne energije ljeti su dizalice topline unutar kojih se hladi voda temperaturnog režima 7/13°C te se distribuira do hladnjaka klima jedinice za pripremu zraka, dok potrebe za potrošnom toplom vodom ljeti pokriva kondenzacijski kotao. Upravljanje sustavom grijanja, hlađenja i mehaničke ventilacije omogućeno je putem centralnog nadzornog sustava. Analizom potrošnje energije tri različita sustava grijanja odabrano je rješenje koje je tehnički i ekološki najprihvatljivije za promatranu zgradu. U prilogu se nalaze proračuni toplinskih opterećenja, potrošnje energije te dispozicije i sheme termotehničkih sustava.

Abstract (english)

This paper includes the reconstruction of the thermotechnical system of an elementary school in Zagreb. The school building consists od three parts : school, swimming pool and school hall. The school consists of a ground floor and the first floor, with a total area of 3217 𝑚2. The total heat load of the building is 470,2 kW at external design temperature of -13°C. The existing engine room with boilers that use fuel oil as an energy source is replaced by a condensing boiler using liquefied petroleum gas in combination with two air to water heat pumps. The heat pumps deliver a heat output of 264 kW at design conditions, and the condensing boiler with a heat output of 283 kW is switched on when the heat pumps can no longer take on the heat load of the building. The heating elements in all rooms are radiators with a medium temperature regime of 60/50°C, which are contained. In addition to heating system, a central mechanical ventilation system is planned for the school, which is also used for cooling in the summer. The technical solution for cooling is through a ventilation system in order to avoid installing an aditional cooling units in the classrooms. Air preparation for mechanical ventilation and cooling is carried out using air conditioning units that recover heat from exhaust air. The source of cooling energy in the summer are heat pumps, inside which water with a temperature regime 7/13°C is cooled and distributed to the air conditioning unit cooler, while the need for domestic hot water is covered by a condensing boiler. Management of the heating, cooling and mechanical ventilation system is through a central monitoring system. By analizing the energy consumption of three different heating systems, the solution that is technically and environmentally most acceptable for the observed building was selected. In the attachment there are calculations of heat loads and energy consumption, dispositions and schemes of thermotehnical systems.

• Keywords: škola; rekonstrukcija; dizalica topline; kondenzacijski kotao; tehno-ekonomska analiza
• Keywords (english): school; reconstruction; heat pump; condensing boiler; techno-economic analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:235:980272
• Study programme: Title: Mechanical Engineering; specializations in: Design, Process and Energy Engineering, Production Engineering, Engineering Modelling and Computer Simulation, Marine Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Management, Materials Engineering, Mechanics and Robotics, Autonomous Systems, Mechatronics and Robotics; Course: Process and Energy Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka strojarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-12-05 11:13:31